The existence of (to use a real example) an up-to-date system tdb with python2.7 bindings means the python3 tdb bindings won't be built. In buildtools/wafsamba/samba_bundled.py, we have: @conf def CHECK_BUNDLED_SYSTEM_PYTHON(conf, libname, modulename, minversion='0.0.0'): '''check if a python module is available on the system and has the specified minimum version. ''' if conf.LIB_MUST_BE_BUNDLED(libname): return False # see if the library should only use a system version if another dependent # system version is found. That prevents possible use of mixed library # versions minversion = minimum_library_version(conf, libname, minversion) try: m = __import__(modulename) except ImportError: found = False else: try: version = m.__version__ except AttributeError: found = False else: found = tuplize_version(version) >= tuplize_version(minversion) if not found and not conf.LIB_MAY_BE_BUNDLED(libname): Logs.error('ERROR: Python module %s of version %s not found, and bundling disabled' % (libname, minversion)) sys.exit(1) return found So the python running waf decides whether the library exists. It would be better to run the check in a subprocess, and do it with each python.