I'm using:
  Version 4.6.5-Debian
to be more precise:
  samba     2:4.6.5+dfsg-8

testparm -sv gives me the config i want to have. But using the running
samba instance seems to think the config a little different.

e.g. in smb.conf

====== /etc/samba/smb.conf

[global]
    ...
    ...
    ...

[netlogon]
    ...
    ...
    ...

[sysvol]
    ...
    ...
    ...

include = /etc/samba/some.conf

======



====== /etc/samba/some.conf

[global]
    ...
    template shell = /bin/bash
    ...

[homes]
    ...
    ...

======

as already mentioned, testparm -sv gives me the config i expected. I
already have used exactly this config in samba 4.2.

This way, "template shell" setting is not working and i'll get
"/bin/false" for my users.

If i move the include right before the [netlogon] section, so that it is
actually a include inside the [global] section, testpar -sv output won't
change, but for my users i'll get "/bin/bash".